一  性能特點(diǎn)
氣箱脈沖袋除塵器是一種除塵器。它綜合分室反吹和噴吹脈沖等除塵器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，克服了分室反吹時(shí)動(dòng)能強(qiáng)度不夠和噴吹脈沖清灰過(guò)濾同時(shí)進(jìn)行的缺點(diǎn)，因而增強(qiáng)了使用適應(yīng)性，提高了收塵效率，延長(zhǎng)了濾袋使用壽命。濾袋上口不設(shè)文氏管，也沒(méi)有噴吹管，降低了工作阻力，使檢修、維護(hù)都相當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)便，電磁脈沖閥具有控制靈敏、效率高、壽命長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn)。目前，這種型式的袋除塵器已被廣泛選用。
Part 1 Performance characteristics
Plenum pulse bag type collector is a kind of de-dusting equipment with high efficiency. It combines many advantages of collectors including loculose anti-blow and pulse blow, and it has solved the disadvantages of deficiency of kinetic energy strength in loculose anti-blow and pulse blow de-dusting running in the same time, improved the applicability and de-dusting efficiency, extended life span of the bag. There’s no venturi tube in the mouth of bag or blowing tube, that reduces working resistance and makes examining and repairing easy. Electromagnetic pulse valve is of these characters: be sensitive to control, high efficiency, long life span and so on. At present, this type dust collector has been used widely.
 
二  基本結(jié)構(gòu)及工作原理
1  結(jié)構(gòu)：
氣箱脈沖式袋除塵器的主要結(jié)構(gòu)是，主體由箱體和袋室（一體），灰斗、進(jìn)出風(fēng)口（包括螺旋輸送機(jī)和卸灰閥），爬梯、欄桿、氣路系統(tǒng)（包括離線氣缸、電磁脈沖閥、壓力氣包等）、清灰控制器等。
Part 2 Basic structure and working principle
1 Structure
Main structures of plenum pulse bag type collector are as followers: box body and bag compartment (integrative), dust store bin, wind inlet and outlet (including screw conveyer and cinder valve), ladder, baluster, air passage system (including offline pneumatic cylinder, electromagnetic pulse valve, compressed air bag), de-dusting controller and so on.
（1）箱體
箱體主要是固定袋籠、濾袋及氣路元件之用，并制成全密閉形式，清灰時(shí)，壓縮空氣首入箱體，并沖入各濾袋內(nèi)部。箱體頂部做成1.5度斜面，在戶外使用時(shí)可防止積水，頂部還設(shè)有人孔檢修門(mén)，安裝和更換袋籠、濾袋全部在這里進(jìn)行，十分方便。根據(jù)規(guī)格不同，箱體內(nèi)又分成若干個(gè)室，相互之間均用鋼板隔開(kāi)，互不透氣，以實(shí)現(xiàn)離線清灰，每個(gè)室內(nèi)均設(shè)有一個(gè)提升閥，以通斷過(guò)濾煙氣流。
(1) Box body
Box body is mainly used to fix cage, filter bag and air passage components, made into whole close from. Compressed air enters into box body first, and crushes inside of the filter bag while collector is de-dusting. Box body is made into 1.5 degree inclined plane, that can be prevented from seeper when used in the open air. There’s a door where someone can examine and repair on the top, installing and replacing cage, filter bag are all done here, that is very convenient. According to the difference of specification, box body is divided into some compartments separated by armor plate between them and impermeable by air, offline de-dusting will come true. There’s a lift valve in each compartment, which breaks and filtrate smoke current of air.
（2）袋室
袋室在箱體的下部，主要用來(lái)容納袋籠和濾袋，并形成一個(gè)過(guò)濾空間，煙氣的凈化主要在這里進(jìn)行，同箱體一樣，根據(jù)規(guī)格的不同也分成若干個(gè)室，并用鋼板隔開(kāi)，以防在清灰時(shí)各室之間的相互干擾，同時(shí)形成的沉降空間。
在袋室的壁板上，每個(gè)室設(shè)一個(gè)泄爆孔，共8個(gè)泄爆孔。
選煤設(shè)備，在選煤的過(guò)程中，雖有些煤粉產(chǎn)生，進(jìn)入除塵的煤粉濃度又遠(yuǎn)小于65g/m3，除塵器可不設(shè)泄爆孔。雖然如此，除塵器的濾袋采用濾料。在袋室壁板上按壁板位置結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)泄爆孔，泄爆孔面積0.3m2，材質(zhì)選用厚度等于1mm的L2-M退火的工業(yè)純鋁板，工業(yè)鋁板的抗拉強(qiáng)度約為60Mpa，與厚度等于4mm的碳結(jié)構(gòu)鋼壁板抗拉強(qiáng)度不小于375Mpa的抗拉強(qiáng)度比較，泄爆孔是可以起到泄爆作用，確保除塵器安全運(yùn)行。
（2）Bag compartment
Bag compartment is in the below of the box body, mainly used to contain cage and filter bag and from a filtration space, cleaning of smoke is mostly done here. Like the box body, according to the difference of specification, bag compartment is divided into some compartments separated by armor plate between them and prevented from disturbing, at the same time it forms one sedimentation space.
There’s a leaked explosive hole on the wainscot of each compartment, the number of leaked explosive hole is 8.
Coal preparation equipment, there’re some coal fines produced in the process of coal preparation, but concentration of coal fine is far less than 65g/m3, so collector must not set leaked explosive holes. Even so, the filter bag should adopt antistatic filter material. You set leaked explosive hole whose area is 0.3m2 according to the structure of wainscot position. Choose the material whose thickness is equal to 1 mm L2-M anneal industrial pure aluminum plank, and the anti-pulls strength of industrial pure aluminum plank is 60Mpa, compared with the anti-pulls strength that is not less than 375Mpa of the carbon structure steel wall plank that the thickness is equal to 4 mm. The leaked explosive hole can ensure that dust collector operates in a safe condition.
（3）灰斗
灰斗布置在袋室的下部，它存放收集下來(lái)的粉塵。當(dāng)含塵氣體進(jìn)入袋室前入灰斗，由于灰斗內(nèi)容積大，使得氣流速度降低，加之氣流方向的改變，使得較粗的塵籽在這里得到分離，灰斗內(nèi)布置有螺旋輸送機(jī)設(shè)備，出口還設(shè)有回轉(zhuǎn)卸料器或翻板閥等鎖風(fēng)設(shè)備，可連續(xù)進(jìn)行排灰。
（3）Dust store bin
Dust store bin is below of the bag compartment, used to store collected dust. Dust-laden gas enter into dust store bin first before into bag compartment, that the speed of gas falls and the direction of current.
（4）進(jìn)出風(fēng)口
進(jìn)出風(fēng)口根據(jù)除塵器的結(jié)構(gòu)形式分二種，32系列的進(jìn)風(fēng)口為圓筒型，直接焊在灰斗的側(cè)板上，出風(fēng)口安排在箱體下部，袋室側(cè)面，通過(guò)提升閥板孔與箱體內(nèi)部相通，其它系列的進(jìn)出風(fēng)口制成一體，安排在袋室側(cè)面，箱體和灰斗之間，中間用斜隔板隔成互不透氣的二部分，分別為進(jìn)氣和出氣口，這種結(jié)構(gòu)形式體積雖大一些，但氣流分布均勻，灰斗內(nèi)預(yù)收塵效果好，適合于煙氣含塵濃度較大的場(chǎng)合使用。
（4）Wind inlet and outlet
There are two kinds of wind inlet and outlet according to the structure of the duster. The wind inlet of the 32 series is a cylinder type, and is directly welded on the lateral plate of the dust store bin. The wind outlet is in the bottom, at the side of the bag compartment, connected with inner side of the bag compartment by the plate hole of the lift valve to, other series of wind inlet and outlet are made into to a whole, put on the side of the bag compartment. The bag compartment is separated two parts from the dust store bin by a slant board, with one part as the inlet and the other outlet. Though this structure is of a big volume, the air is evenly distributed, with a good effect, and suitable for occasions where dust-laden gas is of a great concentration.
2  氣箱脈沖式袋除塵器的工作原理：
當(dāng)含塵煙氣由進(jìn)風(fēng)口進(jìn)入灰斗以后，一部分較粗塵料在這時(shí)由于慣性碰撞、自然沉降等原因落入灰斗，大部分塵粒隨氣流上升進(jìn)入袋室，經(jīng)濾袋過(guò)濾后，塵粒被阻留在濾袋外側(cè)，凈化的煙氣由濾袋內(nèi)部進(jìn)入箱體，再由閥板孔、出風(fēng)口排入大氣，達(dá)到收塵的目的，隨著過(guò)濾過(guò)程的不斷進(jìn)行，濾袋外側(cè)的積塵也逐漸增多，從而使除塵器的運(yùn)行阻力也逐漸增高，當(dāng)阻力增到預(yù)先設(shè)定值（1245－1470Pa）時(shí)，清灰控制器發(fā)生信號(hào)，首先控制提升閥將閥板孔關(guān)閉，以切斷過(guò)濾煙氣流，停止過(guò)濾過(guò)程，然后電磁脈沖閥打開(kāi)，以短時(shí)間（0.01－0.12s）向箱體內(nèi)噴入壓力為0.5－0.7Mpa的壓縮空氣，壓縮空氣在箱體內(nèi)迅速膨脹，涌入濾袋內(nèi)部，使濾袋產(chǎn)生變形、震動(dòng)，加上逆氣流的作用，濾袋外部的粉塵便下來(lái)掉到灰斗，清灰完畢之后，提升閥再次打開(kāi)，除塵器又進(jìn)入過(guò)濾狀態(tài)。
2 Working principle of plenum pulse bag type collector
When dust-laden gas enters the dust store bin from the inlet, some heavier dust drops into the dust store bin as a result of habitual collision and free settling, large amount of dust follow the rising air current and enter into the inside of bag compartment. Dust is detained outside the filter bag after being filtered by filter bags, and the purified gas goes into the bag compartment from inside the filter bag, then discharged into the air through the hole of the valve board and the outlet. As it goes on and on, the dust detained outside the filter bag increases, so it causes operating resistance of dust collector rising. If the resistance rises to the pre-set number(1245－1470Pa), the controller will send out signals, first to control the lift valve to do these operations: close the hole of the valve board to cut air current and stop filtering, and then to open the electromagnetic pulse valve to blow compressed air whose pressure is 0.5-0.7Mpa into filter bag with a short time(0.01－0.12s). The compressed air immediately expands and swarms into filter bag, that make the bag to distort and vibrate, adding the effect of adverse air current, the dust detained outside of filter bag is dropped into the dust store bin. After the de-dusting is finished, lift valve open again, and dust collector begin filtering once more.
氣箱脈沖式袋除塵器是由多個(gè)室組成的，清灰時(shí)，各室分別順序進(jìn)行，這就是分室離線清灰，其優(yōu)點(diǎn)是清灰的室和正在過(guò)濾的室互不干擾，實(shí)現(xiàn)了長(zhǎng)期連續(xù)作業(yè)，提高了清灰效果。
Plenum pulse bag type collector is made up of several compartments, where de-dusting is in order, and this is compartment-by-compartment off-line de-dusting. Its advantages are that the de-dusting compartment and the filtering compartment do not interfere each other, help realizing long-term consecutive operating and improve de-dusting effect.